29 Nov Understanding Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD)

Understanding The Hormonal Link To Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD)

As the days get shorter and the weather turns colder, many people experience a dip in mood and energy levels. For some, this can go beyond just the winter blues. Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD) is a form of depression that typically occurs during the colder months, often when daylight hours are limited. 

While many of us are familiar with its effects on mood, there is a deeper connection between SAD and hormonal imbalances that can make the condition more complex than we may realise.

What is Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD)?

SAD is a type of depression that follows a seasonal pattern, typically beginning in the late autumn or early winter and lifting in the spring or summer. Symptoms can include feelings of sadness, fatigue, difficulty concentrating, and changes in sleep and appetite. People with SAD may also experience a sense of hopelessness or a lack of interest in activities they usually enjoy.

While anyone can be affected, those who live in areas with long winters and limited sunlight are at higher risk. The condition is thought to be linked to the reduced exposure to sunlight during the winter months, which can disrupt the body’s internal clock and affect the production of certain hormones.

The Role of Hormones in SAD

Hormones play a significant role in mood regulation, and their levels can fluctuate due to seasonal changes. Here are a few key hormones involved in SAD:

1. Melatonin: This hormone helps regulate the sleep-wake cycle. As daylight hours decrease, the body may produce melatonin earlier in the day, leading to increased sleepiness and fatigue. For those with SAD, the body’s natural response to less daylight can result in longer periods of melatonin secretion, contributing to the symptoms of depression.
2. Serotonin: Often referred to as the “feel-good” hormone, serotonin is a neurotransmitter that helps regulate mood, appetite and sleep. During the winter months, decreased sunlight can cause a drop in serotonin levels, leading to feelings of depression and anxiety. 
3. Vitamin D: Known as the “sunshine vitamin,” vitamin D is produced by the body in response to sunlight. During the winter months, when exposure to sunlight is limited, many people experience a drop in vitamin D levels. Low levels of vitamin D have been linked to symptoms of depression. 

If you think you may suffer from a hormone imbalance and would like a diagnosis by an expert, we can help you in our clinic so please don’t hesitate to contact us at The Hormone Clinic or Book an Appointment